Author Guidelines

Table of Contents

  • Submission Checklist
  • Manuscript Submission Overview
  • Manuscript Preparation
  • Preparing Figures, Tables and Equations
  • Research and Publication Ethics
  • Peer Review Process
  • Duties of Editor, Authors and Reviewers
  • Process for Managing Research and Publication Misconduct

Submission Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

  1. The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
  2. Read the Aims & Scope for an overview and assess whether your manuscript is suitable for JRACR.
  3. Use the ‘JRACR-Template-New’ (Microsoft Word template) to prepare your manuscript.
  4. Ensure that due consideration is given to issues such as research and publication ethics, copyright, authorship, figure and table formats, equation, data and references format, etc. have been appropriately considered.
  5. Where available, the digital object identifier (DOI) for all references have been provided.
  6. Ensure that all authors have approved the content of the submitted manuscript.
  7. The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.
  8. It is expected that the standard of English is sufficient, with sound grammar and terminologies, else linguistic corrections will be required.

Manuscript Submission Overview

Types of Publications

The main types of publications in JRACR are as follows:

  • Article: Original research manuscripts. JRACR is a peer-reviewed journal and publishes both high-quality academic and application-oriented papers in the field of risk analysis and crisis response. The quality and impact of the study will be considered during peer review.
  • Review: These provide concise and precise updates on the latest progress made in the field of risk analysis and crisis response of research. Systematic reviews should follow the PRISMA guidelines.
  • Popular Science: Popular science articles are articles that express the existing scientific knowledge, scientific methods, and the scientific thought and spirit integrated into them through words, so that they can be understood by readers. Popular science articles often have a macro narrative style, that is, based on the macro context of scientific development, to inform readers of the mainstream views of the scientific community.
  • Communication: Event communication is a communication that reports news events with typical significance. It specifically and completely describes the situation and process, causes and results, significance and impact of the occurrence and development of the event.

Submission Process

We at JRACR invite you to submit high quality paper written in the English language. It is expected that the standard of English is sufficient, with sound grammar and terminologies, else linguistic corrections will be required. Please log into the journal website (https://jracr.com/) to register and upload your paper.

The submitting author, who is generally the corresponding author, is responsible for the manuscript during the submission and peer-review process. The submitting author must ensure that all eligible co-authors have been included in the author list (read the criteria to qualify for authorship) and that they have all read and approved the submitted version of the manuscript.

Accepted File Formats

Authors are encouraged to use the‘JRACR-Template-New’ (Microsoft Word template) to prepare their manuscript. Using the template file will substantially shorten the time to complete copy-editing and publication of accepted manuscripts. Supplementary files: May be any format, but it is recommended that you use common, non-proprietary formats where possible.

All manuscripts must contain the required sections: Author Information, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, Figures and Tables with Captions, Contributions, Acknowledgments, Funding Information, Conflict of Interest and so on.

References may be in any format, but all references must include author(s) name(s), journal or book title, article or chapter title (where required), year of publication, volume and issue (where appropriate) and pagination. Include the digital object identifier (DOI) for all references where available.

Disclaimer: Usage of these templates is exclusively intended for submission to JRACR for peer-review, and strictly limited to this purpose and it cannot be used for posting online on preprint servers or other websites.

Manuscript Preparation

Front Matter

  • Title: The title should show the central content and important arguments of the paper. The first word of the English text title is capitalized, and the rest are all lowercase, except proper nouns. The following conditions shall not occur: 1) For example: a preliminary study, my own opinions, modest words such as humble opinion and analysis; 2) Deviate from the basic definition of the topic, forget that the topic is the logical combination of appropriate and concise words that reflect the specific content of the full text, and there are sentences or empty words such as "the study on" and "development of" in the topic; 3) The first word of the title shall not use a, an, the and so on to avoid multiple prepositions of.
  • Author List and Affiliations: Authors' full first and last names must be provided. The initials of any middle names can be added. The PubMed/MEDLINE standard format is used for affiliations: complete address information including city, zip code, state/province, and country. Only one author should be designated as corresponding author, and his or her email address and other details should be included at the end of the affiliation section.
  • Abstract: The purpose of the paper, the main research process and the methods adopted, the main results and important conclusions should be expressed clearly in concise and clear language. If possible, mention the application scope and application of the results and conclusions of the paper as far as possible. 1) The first sentence should not simply repeat the title of the article; 2) Cancel the background introduction, cancel the statement of the existing research, and only express the new research progress information; 3) Write in the third person without using the first person, such as "this article", "we", etc.; 4) Start with important facts, try to use short sentences, and avoid starting with auxiliary clauses; 5) In tense, use the past tense to describe the author's work and the present tense to describe the author's conclusion; 6) In voice, try to use active voice instead of passive voice; 7) Use as few abbreviations as possible; 8) Pay attention to the distinction between general reference and special reference in the use of articles. Singular nouns must add articles, and plural nouns need to add less or no articles. The abstract should be an objective representation of the article, it must not contain results which are not presented and substantiated in the main text and should not exaggerate the main conclusions.
  • Keywords: Three to ten pertinent keywords need to be added after the abstract. We recommend that the keywords are specific to the article, yet reasonably common within the subject discipline. The first letter of each word of the keyword needs to be capitalized.

Research Article Sections

  • Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface or introduction, is an organic part of the whole paper. Its function is to give readers a preliminary introduction to the content of the article. The introduction briefly introduces "the background of the paper, the previous research history and current situation in related fields, as well as the author's intention and analysis basis, including the pursuit goal, research scope, theory and technical scheme selection of the paper". The introduction of scientific papers mainly includes the following aspects: 1) research background, nature, scope, purpose and importance of the subject; 2) previous research process, achievements, problems and evaluation; 3) theoretical basis, experimental equipment basis and innovation of this paper. The introduction plays a guiding role. It expounds the author's writing intention, motivation and purpose, and points out the problems to be solved, so as to arouse the reader's interest and induce the reading desire. At the same time, it can induce readers' image thinking to abstract thinking, and lay an ideological foundation for further reading the full text. Therefore, we should pay attention to several requirements in writing the introduction: 1) The introduction should reflect the main content, writing intention, the center of the topic and the concluding point of view, so as to create conditions for guiding; 2) The introduction should be enlightening in order to open up readers' ideas and pay attention to the application of language. For example, ask questions in question to arouse readers' thinking and achieve the purpose of enlightenment and development; 3) Aiming at the readers, using the means of thinking science and psychology, starting with the introduction, improve the readers' interest and attract the readers to the paper. The problems that should be paid attention to in writing the introduction are as follows: 1) Be concise and comprehensive, highlight the key points and avoid laying too much groundwork; 2) Write out features and new ideas to avoid repetition with abstracts and conclusions; 3) Respect science, truthfully describe and avoid impractical.
  • Materials and Methods: The materials and methods part of the paper is quite lack of the experimental report we usually write. This part accounts for a large proportion in the paper, especially the analytical and experimental research papers, which can be introduced clearly only after accounting for about 30% of the full text. The material mainly introduces the experimental objects and data, and the method refers to the experimental design or data collection method. An important reason why the materials and methods of the paper need to be introduced in detail is to ensure the repeatability of the experiment, which is convenient for peers and readers to detect and quote your experimental results, which is also an important argument to ensure the reliability of your data. The material part of the paper should introduce the selection method of the experimental object and the source and characteristics of the experimental object, which can not only estimate the sampling error, but also let the readers understand the content of the article and the scope of use of the conclusion. In addition, we should clearly introduce the sample number and grouping method of the research object, and do not use a sentence of random grouping to describe it. In the method, the experimental design scheme should be introduced clearly, such as "randomized controlled trial", "non randomized controlled trial", "cross controlled trial", "pre post controlled trial", "double-blind" and other methods, and then the setting or laboratory facilities should be introduced clearly. According to the type of article, the intervention measures, blind methods, measurement indicators and criteria for judging the results should also be introduced. The materials and methods in the paper must be realistic and explained one by one, so as to prove the accuracy of the data in your article and the reliability of the experiment.
  • Results: The purpose of the result part of the research paper is to present the main results of your research without interpreting its meaning. It is mainly narrative, less discussion and less references. Except that the journal requires the results and discussion to be combined, the results and discussion cannot be written together. The description of research results should be organized. Generally, the outline is used as the writing guidance, and the corresponding output results are described in the order of research methods. Each research result must have a corresponding method in the research method part. It is important to carefully design and arrange the charts to ensure that they are in order to tell a complete story. The task of writing "results" is to assemble discrete experimental data into logical and readable articles. For clarity, headings and subheadings should be designed to organize the content. At the same time, consider the questions raised in the introduction, the "discussion" below and the expected conclusions, and provide sufficient raw data as strong support.
  • Discussion: The purpose of the discussion is to explain the phenomenon, explain the point of view, explain the meaning of your survey / research results, and make suggestions for follow-up research. Its main function is to answer the questions raised in the introduction, explain how the research results support your answers, and how these answers are consistent with the existing relevant knowledge of the subject. Discussion is usually regarded as the "heart" of a paper, which can best reflect the amount of literature mastered by the author and the degree of understanding and understanding of an academic problem. The discussion part is difficult to write. The author should attach great importance to it, invest due time and energy, and carefully write the discussion. The quality of discussion writing often determines the depth of an article and is also a sign of its academic level.
  • Conclusions: The content of the conclusion should focus on reflecting the theoretical value, practical value and scope of application of the research results, and can put forward suggestions or prospects. It can also point out the key problems to be further solved and the ideas for future research. Therefore, the conclusion should generally state: what problems are explained by the research results and the revealed principles and laws (theoretical value); Significance and function in practical application (practical value); Compare with the previous research results What are the similarities and differences, and what amendments, supplements and developments have been made; The remaining problems, suggestions and prospects of this study. Of course, not all conclusion writing should have the above content. The author may decide according to the specific situation of the research results. But this should be essential.
  • Patents: This section is not mandatory, but can be added if the work reported in this manuscript produces one or more patents.

Back Matter

  • Supplementary Materials: This section describes any supplementary materials (such as figures, tables, videos, spreadsheets, etc.) published online with the manuscript. Please indicate the name and title of each element according to Figure S1: title, Table S1: title, etc.
  • Contributions: For research articles by multiple authors, a short paragraph describing their personal contributions must be provided. The following statements should be used “Conceptualization, X.X. and Y.Y.; methodology, X.X.; software, X.X.; validation, X.X., Y.Y. and Z.Z.; formal analysis, X.X.; investigation, X.X.; resources, X.X.; data curation, X.X.; writing—original draft preparation, X.X.; writing—review and editing, X.X.; visualization, X.X.; supervision, X.X.; project administration, X.X.; funding acquisition, Y.Y. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.” JRACR requires that all those designated as authors should meet all four ICMJE criteria for authorship, and all who meet the four criteria should be identified as authors. If the corresponding author does not provide contribution details, we believe that the contribution of all authors is equal.
  • Acknowledgments: It is generally thanks to colleagues who have contributed to the experiment and writing part of the paper but are not the author. For example, you can add: “The authors would like to thank XXX (NAME) for excellent technical support and Professor XXX (NAME) for critically reviewing the manuscript” in this section. Financial and material support should also be acknowledged. If the corresponding author does not fill in the acknowledgements section, we believe that there are no such colleagues.
  • Funding: Funding sources should not be included in the acknowledgments, or anywhere in the manuscript file. You will provide this information during the manuscript submission process. All sources of funding for the study should be disclosed. Specify the grants you received to support your research work and whether you received funds to pay for publishing. Please add carefully: “This research received no external funding” or “This research was funded by NAME OF FUNDER, grant number XXX” and “The APC was funded by XXX” in this section. If there are multiple funds at the same time, the funds are separated by semicolons.
  • Conflicts of Interest: According to our author guidelines, a competing interest exists when professional judgment concerning the validity of research is influenced by a secondary interest, such as financial gain. So, we require that the authors reveal all possible conflicts of interest in their submitted manuscripts. If there is no conflict of interests, authors should state that “The authors declare no conflict of interest.” Otherwise, they should state the conflict of interests under this section. In addition, if the funders do not play any role in the research, authors should state that “The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.” Otherwise, they should state any role of the funders under this section. 
  • Appendix：An appendix is an optional section that can contain details and data to supplement the text. For example, the interpretation of experimental details may interfere with the fluency of the text, but it is still essential to understand and reproduce the research shown; If it is simple, you can add the experimental reproduction diagram showing representative data in the text here, or as supplementary data. The mathematical proof of unimportant results in the paper can be added as an appendix. All appendix sections must be quoted in the text. In the appendix, Figures, Tables, etc. shall begin with "A", such as Figure A1, Figure A2, etc.
  • References: Please use the sequential coding system for references, not the author-publication year system. References must be numbered in order of appearance in the text (including citations in tables and legends) and listed individually at the end of the manuscript. Unpublished literature should not be included in references.

In the text, reference numbers should be placed in square brackets [ ], and placed before the punctuation; for example [1], [1–3] or [1,3]. For embedded citations in the text with pagination, use both parentheses and brackets to indicate the reference number and page numbers; for example [1] (p. 100), or [2] (pp. 100–103). When citing references in the text, if it is necessary to list the author's name, just indicate the last name, followed by the serial number of the references, such as Wang [1]; Wang and Zhang [2]; Wang et al. [3].

Special note: Please add the digital object identifier (DOI) for all references where available.

The description format of references is as follows:

Journal Papers:

[1]       Author 1, A.B.; Author 2, C.D. Title of the Paper. Abbreviated Journal Name, Year, Volume, (Issue), page range. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/jracr.k.191024.005.

Books and Book Chapters:

[2]       Author 1, A.; Author 2, B. Book Title, 3rd ed.; Publisher: Publisher Location, Country, 2008; pp. 150–195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/jracr.k.191024.005.

[3]       Author 1, A.; Author 2, B. Title of the chapter. In Book Title, 2nd ed.; Editor 1, A., Editor 2, B., Eds.; Publisher: Publisher Location, Country, 2007; Volume 3, pp. 150–195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/jracr.k.191024.005.

Conference Proceedings:
[4]       Author 1, A.B.; Author 2, C.D.; Author 3, E.F. Title of Presentation. In Title of the Collected Work (if available), Proceedings of the Name of the Conference, Location of Conference, Country, Date of Conference; Editor 1, Editor 2, Eds. (if available); Publisher: City, Country, Year (if available); Abstract Number (optional), Pagination (optional). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/jracr.k.191024.005.

Dissertation:
[5]       Author 1, A.B. Title of Dissertation. Level of Dissertation, Degree-Granting University, Location of University, Date of Completion. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/jracr.k.191024.005.

Electronic literature:
[6]      Author 1, A.B. Title of Electronic literature. Title of Site. Available online: URL (accessed on Day Month Year). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/jracr.k.191024.005.

Preparing Figures, Tables and Equations

Figures and Tables

  • Figures: The lines of illustrations in the text should be uniform; The drawing sequence, drawing title, unit and coordinate value shall be complete and consistent with the text; The illustrations in the text should be drawn by computer (EPS graphic format). The accuracy of the illustrations should meet the basic requirements of the printed version, and the resolution should reach 600 pixels / inch. The positive and italic characters in the figure shall be consistent with the text, and the accuracy of coordinate values shall be consistent; The title, annotation and text in the figure are capitalized.
  • Tables: Three line table is used for the form, thick line is used for the upper and lower lines, and thin line is used in the middle; Align the data bits in the same column in the table; The accuracy of the same set of data is consistent; The position of the chart shall follow the principle of "indomitable, graphics and texts on the same page", and the chart shall be placed as far as possible in the arrangement, and then it shall be put down; Pay attention to the self-evident nature of the chart. The description of the chart and the text are not repeated, and there is no repetition between the charts; Table and figure require full name.

Formulas, Equations and Theorems

  • In the English version, if the equation is quoted in the text, use the abbreviated form, such as "Eq. (1)".
  • If there are multiple lines in the equation, the number shall be aligned with the last line.
  • If the equation is long and needs to be transferred, the operation symbol is at the end of the previous line, and the transferred part is aligned with the left end of the equal sign in the previous line. Whether punctuation is added after the equation depends on the characteristics of the discipline.
  • Theorems, definitions, propositions, etc. are numbered in sequence, such as Theorem 1.

Quantity, Unit and Symbol

  • All quantities, units and symbols used in the manuscript shall adopt the international system of units. The case, italics, upper and lower corners and black and white characters of foreign letters and symbols in the manuscript shall be clearly distinguished; Easily confused letters and symbols shall be annotated; Variables are shown in italics.

Research and Publication Ethics

i) Journal policies on authorship and contributorship.

Authorship

According to the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (ICMJE Recommendations 2013), JRACR requires that all those designated as authors should meet all four ICMJE criteria for authorship, and all who meet the following four criteria should be identified as authors. 

  • Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND
  • Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND
  • Final approval of the version to be published; AND
  • Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

In addition to being accountable for the parts of the work he or she has done, an author should be able to identify which co-authors are responsible for specific other parts of the work. In addition, authors should have confidence in the integrity of the contributions of their co-authors.

Each of our articles includes only one corresponding author. Any further contribution details (e.g. equal contribution) must be included in the contributions section at the end of the article. In addition, the colleagues who have contributed to the experiment and writing part of the paper but not be included as authors must be included in the acknowledgements section at the end of the article.

JRACR recognize only natural persons as authors. The individual performing the work is responsible for determining who meets these criteria, preferably when planning the work, and making appropriate changes as the work progresses. The corresponding author is mainly responsible for communicating with the journal in the process of manuscript submission, peer review and publication, and usually ensuring all management requirements of the journal.

When a large multi author team completes this work, ideally, the team should decide who is the author before the work begins and confirm who is the author before submitting the manuscript for publication. All members of the group named authors should meet all four criteria for authorship, including the approval of the final manuscript. They should be able to take public responsibility for their work and have confidence in the accuracy and completeness of the work of other authors on the group. They will also fill out the conflict-of-interest disclosure form as individuals.

Contributorship

JRACR lists contributors in three ways as follows:

1) JRACR publish a list of authors' names at the beginning of the article.

2) JRACR list contributors at the end of the article, giving details of who did what in planning, conducting, and reporting the work. If the corresponding author does not provide contribution details, we believe that the contribution of all authors is equal.

3) JRACR list acknowledgements at the end of the article, giving details of who did what in planning, conducting, and reporting the work but not be included as authors. Financial and material support should also be acknowledged. If the corresponding author does not fill in the acknowledgements section, we believe that there are no such colleagues.

ii) How the journal will handle complaints and appeals.

The policy of JRACR is mainly aimed at protecting the authors, reviewers, editors and publishers of JRACR. If not stated below, the process of handling complaints and appeals follows the guidelines of the Committee of Publication Ethics available from: https://publicationethics.org/appeals.

1) Who complains or makes an appeal?

Submitters, authors, reviewers, and readers may register complaints and appeals in a variety of cases as follows: falsification, fabrication, plagiarism, duplicate publication, authorship dispute, conflict of interest, ethical treatment of animals, informed consent, bias or unfair inappropriate competitive acts, copyright, stolen data, defamation, and legal problem. If any individuals or institutions want to inform the cases, they can send a letter to editor. For the complaints or appeals, concrete data with answers to all factual questions (who, when, where, what, how, why) should be provided.

2) Who is responsible to resolve and handle complaints and appeals?

The Editor or Editorial Board of JRACR is responsible for them.

3) What may be the consequence of remedy?

It depends on the type or degree of misconduct. The consequence of resolution will follow the guidelines of the Committee of Publication Ethics.

In addition, the author can appeal the refusal by sending an email to the editorial department of JRACR. The appeal must provide detailed reasons, including a point-by-point response to the reviewer's and/or editorial comments. The Managing Editor of JRACR will forward the manuscript and relevant information (including the identity of the referee) to the Editor-in-Chief, Associate Editor, or Editorial Board member. The academic Editor consulted will be asked to provide advice on the manuscript and may recommend acceptance, further peer-review or support the initial rejection decision. The rejection decision at this stage is final and cannot be revoked.

iii) Journal policies on conflicts of interest / competing interests.

According to our author guidelines, a competing interest exists when professional judgment concerning the validity of research is influenced by a secondary interest, such as financial gain. So, we require that the authors reveal all possible conflicts of interest in their submitted manuscripts. If there is no conflict of interests, authors should state that “The authors declare no conflict of interest.” Otherwise, they should state the conflict of interests under this section. In addition, if the funders do not play any role in the research, authors should state that “The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.” Otherwise, they should state any role of the funders under this section.

iv) Journal policies on data sharing and reproducibility.

JRACR is committed to a more open research field to promote faster and more effective research findings by achieving the reproducibility and verification of data, methods and reporting standards. We encourage authors who publish articles in JRACR to share their research data, including but not limited to: raw data, processing data, software, algorithms, protocols, methods and materials.

"JRACR encourages authors to share data and other artifacts that support the results of their papers by archiving them in an appropriate public repository. Authors can provide a statement of data availability, including links to the repository they use, in order to publish this statement in their papers. Shared data should be cited." All accepted manuscripts may choose to issue a data availability statement to confirm the existence of shared data. If you have shared data, this statement describes how to access the data and includes a persistent identifier (for example, the DOI or login number of the data) from the repository where the data is shared.

In order to improve transparency, we encourage authors to explain the availability of their data in your submission. This may be required by your funding agency or organization. If the data is inaccessible or unsuitable for publication, the author will have the opportunity to explain the reasons during the submission process, for example, that the research data is confidential.

v) Journal’s policy on ethical oversight.

All manuscripts submitted to JRACR should strictly comply with the Ethical oversight guidelines recommended by COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) (https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Guidelines?classification=2776).

Any study that includes human subjects or human data must be reviewed and approved by the responsible institutional review board (IRB). For all investigations involving human materials, please refer to the principles embodied in the Declaration of Helsinki (http://www.wma.net/e/policy/b3.htm).

Animal experiments should also be reviewed by the appropriate animal care and use committee (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, IACUC) to protect and use animals. In addition, pathogen research requiring a high degree of biosafety should be reviewed by the relevant committee (Institutional Biosafety Committee, IBC). The editors of JRACR always require the submission of copies of informed consent or IRB approval documents of subjects in clinical studies.

vi) Journal’s policy on intellectual property.

All articles on the journal are “gold” open access and therefore freely available in perpetuity from the moment of publication with a Creative Commons (CC) end-user license attached. No fees will be charged for articles and no surcharges will apply for the length of an article, for illustrations and figures (including color figures), and for supplementary data unless noted otherwise (refer to a publication’s Author Guidelines for further details).

Authors who publish in the Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response are requested to sign a Journal Publishing Agreement upon acceptance of their article. This agreement states that the copyright of all articles which are published in the journal remains with the Authors, i.e. Authors retain full ownership of their published work, and that the Authors grant the Publisher an exclusive license to publish and distribute the article, including for commercial purposes, as well as the right to license others to do the same. Permitted third-party reuse of the open access articles is subsequently defined by the applicable Creative Commons (CC) end-user license. All articles in the Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response are published under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, meaning that end users can freely share an article (i.e. copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt it (i.e. remix, transform and build upon the material) on the condition that proper attribution is given (i.e. appropriate credit, a link to the applicable license and an indication if any changes were made; all in such a way that does not suggest that the licensor endorses the user or the use) and the material is only used for non-commercial purposes. 

Hence submitting a paper to JRACR, means it is authorized to publish exclusively. At the same time, the author must ensure the originality of the paper, and that it does not infringe on the copyright of any third party. The author is also responsible for preventing the multi-contribution or simultaneous publication of the same manuscript.

Redundant publication is defined as “reporting (publishing or attempting to publish) substantially the same work more than once, without attribution of the original source(s)”. Characteristics of reports that are substantially similar include the following: (a) “at least one of the authors must be common to all reports (if there are no common authors, it is more likely plagiarism than redundant publication),” (b) “the subject or study populations are often the same or similar,” (c) “the methodology is typically identical or nearly so,” and (d) “the results and their interpretation generally vary little, if at all.”

When submitting a manuscript, authors should include a letter informing the editor of any potential overlap with other already published material or material being evaluated for publication and should also state how the manuscript submitted to JRACR differs substantially from this other material. If all or part of your material was previously reported, this should be mentioned in the Materials and Methods, with citation of the appropriate reference(s).

vii) Journal’s options for post-publication discussions and corrections.

Editors should consider withdrawing publications if there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, whether due to misconduct (such as data production) or honest errors (such as computational or experimental errors); The survey results were previously published elsewhere without appropriate cross reference, permission or reason (i.e. repeated publication); Constitute plagiarism; It reports unethical research.

As far as possible, the withdrawal notice should be linked to the withdrawn items (i.e. all electronic versions); Clearly identify withdrawn articles (for example, by including the title and author in the withdrawn title); Timely release to minimize the harmful impact of misleading publications.

If a small part of a reliable publication proves to be misleading (especially due to honest errors), editors should consider issuing corrections; The list of authors / contributors is incorrect (i.e. a qualified author is omitted or some people who do not meet the criteria of authorship are included).

Peer Review Process

The Editorial Procedures of JRACR include: Initial Checks, Peer-Review, Editorial Decision and Revision, Author Appeals, Production and Publication.

JRACR uses a double-blind peer review process. All manuscripts will be initially evaluated by the editor for suitability for the journal. The papers considered appropriate are then usually sent to at least three independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the papers. The editor is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article. The editor's decision is final. The detailed review process is as follows.

1) JRACR editorial department receives and reviews all submitted manuscripts, and all submitted manuscripts are considered confidential. The submitted manuscript was initially screened for format. Once the manuscript is provisionally accepted, it will be sent to the three most relevant judges for review.

2) The referee is selected by the editor from the database of the Editorial Board or the recommendation of the members of the Editorial Board. Then, the referee is asked to evaluate the manuscript based on originality, effectiveness, presentation, importance and interest, as well as statistical data if necessary.

3) The acceptance of the manuscript depends on the evaluation, comments and recommendation decisions made by the referee. The referee can suggest "accept", "minor revision", "major revision" and "reject". If there is a conflict between the referees or between the author and the referee(s), the Editor-in-Chief has the right to decide whether to publish the manuscript in the journal. The three repeated decisions of "major revision" are equivalent to rejection, and the rejected papers will not be considered.

4) The reviewed manuscript is returned to the corresponding author with comments, recommendations and revisions. The corresponding author shall submit the revised manuscript and respond point-to-point to the editor's comments and modification methods. There should be a reasonable explanation for any non-compliance with the recommendations. If references, tables, or figures are moved, added, or deleted during the revision process, they must be renumbered so that all references, tables, and figures are referenced in numerical order. If the revised paper is not received within 1 months after the decision is made, the manuscript is considered to have been withdrawn.

5) When the final decision is to accept the manuscript, the editorial department notifies the corresponding author. The peer review process takes approximately 30-45 days. If the author fails to receive a notification of ‘Acceptance’ or ‘Rejection’ within 60 days, he/she can notify the editorial department by e-mail.

Duties of Editor, Authors and Reviewers

Duties of Editor

1) According to the review report of the editorial board, the editor can accept, reject or request to modify the manuscript.

2) There should be no conflict of interest for articles rejected / accepted by editors.

3) The editor must ensure that each manuscript is initially evaluated for originality by the editor using appropriate software. If the manuscript passes the test, it will be forwarded to at least three peer reviewers for double-blind peer review, each of whom will make a recommendation to accept, reject, or modify the manuscript.

4) The editor must ensure that every manuscript received by JRACR is reviewed to understand its knowledge content, regardless of the author's gender, race, religion, citizenship, etc.

Duties of Authors

1) The author should accurately describe his original research and objectively discuss its significance. The manuscript will follow the submission guidelines of JRACR.

2) Authors shall not submit the same manuscript to multiple journals at the same time. Authors should not publish redundant manuscripts or manuscripts describing the same research in multiple journals.

3) Authors should acknowledge all data sources used in the study and cite publications that have an impact on their research work.

4) Authors should be limited to those who have made significant contributions to the conception, design, implementation or interpretation of the reported research. Others who have made significant contributions must be listed as co-authors.

Duties of Reviewers

1) The manuscript reviewer must ensure that the author has identified all data sources used in the study. If the reviewer finds plagiarism or more contributions, he shall immediately inform the editor.

2) The submitted manuscript must be examined objectively, and the reviewers should clearly express their views and provide supporting arguments.

3) The reviewer must not have any conflict of interest with the study, authors and/or research funders.

4) Reviewers should point out relevant published works that have not been cited.

5) When the reviewer believes that it is impossible to complete the review of the manuscript within the specified time, this information must be communicated to the editor in order to send the manuscript to other reviewers.

Process for Managing Research and Publication Misconduct

When the JRACR faces suspected cases of research and publishing misconduct, such as redundant (duplicate) publications, plagiarism, falsification of data, author change, undisclosed conflicts of interest, ethical issues found in submitted manuscripts, reviewers who steal author ideas or data, complaints against editors, and other issues, the resolution process will follow the flow chart provided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts). The editorial board of JRACR will discuss the suspected cases and reach a decision.